How to buy a cordless drill? Choose a drill based on your project needs, power source (battery voltage), motor type (brushed vs. brushless), chuck size, and desired features like variable speed and torque settings. Consider brand reputation and read reviews for the best fit.
Ever felt a bit lost when staring at rows of shiny cordless drills? You’re not alone! Picking the right drill can feel like a puzzle, especially when you’re just starting out. Many people find it confusing with all the different specs and brands.
But don’t worry! This guide is here to make it super simple. We’ll break down exactly what you need to know, step-by-step, so you can confidently choose the cordless drill that’s perfect for your projects. Let’s dive in and get you drilling!
Understanding the Basics: What Makes a Cordless Drill Tick?
Before we get into the nitty-gritty of choosing, let’s cover some essential terms. Knowing these will help you understand the drill’s capabilities.
Battery Power: The Heart of Your Drill
The battery is what makes a cordless drill cordless! It’s also a major factor in how powerful and long-lasting your drill will be.
Voltage (V): Think of voltage like the engine size in a car. Higher voltage generally means more power.
12V Drills: These are lighter and more compact, perfect for light-duty tasks like hanging pictures, assembling furniture, or drilling small holes in wood. They are great for tight spaces.
18V Drills: These are the most common and offer a good balance of power and weight. They can handle most DIY tasks, from drilling into drywall and wood to driving screws into tougher materials. Many consider this the sweet spot for home use.
20V Max Drills: This is essentially the same as 18V. The “Max” refers to the peak voltage when the battery is fully charged, before it settles to its nominal 18V. So, a 20V Max drill is equivalent to an 18V drill.
36V and Higher Drills: These are for heavy-duty professional work, like drilling into concrete or metal, or for extended use. They are usually heavier and more expensive.
Amp-Hours (Ah): This tells you how long the battery will last on a single charge. A higher Ah rating means longer run time. If you have a lot of work to do or will be using the drill for extended periods, look for a higher Ah battery. Many brands offer interchangeable batteries across their tool lines, which is a great benefit.
Motor Types: Brushed vs. Brushless
This is a key difference that affects performance, efficiency, and lifespan.
Brushed Motors: These are the traditional type. They use carbon brushes to conduct electricity to the motor’s rotor. They are generally less expensive but can wear out over time, require more maintenance, and are less energy-efficient.
Brushless Motors: These motors use electronic controls instead of physical brushes. They are more efficient, meaning you get more power and longer run time from the same battery. They also run cooler, last longer, and often provide more consistent power. While typically more expensive upfront, the benefits often outweigh the cost for frequent users.
Chuck Size: Where the Bits Go
The chuck is the part of the drill that holds the drill bit or screwdriver bit.
3/8-inch Chuck: These are usually found on smaller, lighter-duty drills, often 12V models. They are suitable for smaller bits and less demanding tasks.
1/2-inch Chuck: This is the most common size and is found on most 18V and 20V drills. It can accommodate a wider range of bit sizes, including larger ones needed for more substantial drilling. A 1/2-inch chuck offers more versatility.
Speed Settings: Control is Key
Most cordless drills have multiple speed settings. This allows you to control how fast the drill spins.
Low Speed (Setting 1): Use this for driving screws. It provides more torque (twisting power) and less chance of stripping screw heads or damaging the material.
High Speed (Setting 2): Use this for drilling holes. It spins faster, making drilling quicker and cleaner.
Torque Settings (Clutch): Preventing Over-Driving
The torque setting, often indicated by a numbered ring behind the chuck, controls how much twisting force the drill applies before it stops. This is crucial for driving screws.
Higher Numbers: Apply more torque, meaning the drill will keep spinning with more force before disengaging. Use this for larger screws or harder materials.
Lower Numbers: Apply less torque. The drill will stop spinning sooner. Use this for smaller screws, delicate materials, or when you don’t want to overtighten.
Drill Setting (often marked with a drill bit symbol): This setting bypasses the torque control and allows the drill to spin at maximum power, ideal for drilling holes.
How to Choose the Right Cordless Drill for Your Needs
Now that you understand the components, let’s figure out which drill is best for you.
1. Assess Your Projects
This is the most important step. What will you be using the drill for most often?
Light DIY & Home Assembly: If you’re mostly assembling flat-pack furniture, hanging shelves, or drilling small holes in drywall or soft wood, a 12V drill is likely sufficient. They are lightweight and easy to handle.
General Home Use & Occasional DIY: For a wider range of tasks like drilling into wood, metal, and plastic, driving screws into various materials, and even occasional masonry drilling (with the right bit), an 18V or 20V Max drill is your best bet. This is the most versatile option for most homeowners.
Heavy-Duty Construction & Frequent Use: If you’re a professional contractor, a serious DIYer who works with tough materials regularly, or need to drill into concrete or masonry frequently, consider a more powerful 18V/20V Max drill with brushless technology or even a higher voltage drill. Look for models with a “hammer drill” function if masonry is a priority.
2. Battery Voltage and Type
As discussed, voltage is key to power.
For light tasks: 12V is fine.
For most home users: 18V or 20V Max is recommended for versatility.
For power users: Consider 18V/20V Max brushless.
Battery System: If you plan to buy other cordless tools from the same brand (like a circular saw, jigsaw, or impact driver), sticking with one battery system can save you money in the long run. You can buy “bare tools” (just the tool, no battery or charger) and use the batteries you already own.
3. Motor: Brushless is Often Better
While brushed drills are cheaper, brushless motors offer significant advantages:
Longer Run Time: More efficient use of battery power.
More Power: Consistent performance, even under load.
Longer Lifespan: No brushes to wear out.
Less Heat: Runs cooler, reducing strain on the tool.
For most users, especially if you plan to use the drill regularly, investing in a brushless model is a wise choice.
4. Chuck Size Matters for Versatility
3/8-inch: Good for very light-duty, compact drills.
1/2-inch: The standard for most 18V/20V drills and offers greater flexibility with bit sizes. If in doubt, go for 1/2-inch.
5. Key Features to Look For
Beyond the core specs, several features can enhance your drilling experience.
Variable Speed Trigger: Most drills have this, allowing you to control the speed precisely by how hard you squeeze the trigger. Essential for both drilling and driving.
LED Light: A built-in light that illuminates your work area is incredibly useful, especially in dimly lit spaces. Many drills have a trigger-activated LED.
Ergonomics and Comfort: How does the drill feel in your hand? A comfortable grip, balanced weight, and anti-vibration features can make a big difference, especially during longer jobs. Try holding a few if possible.
Hammer Drill Function: If you plan to drill into brick, concrete, or masonry, look for a drill with a “hammer” or “impact” setting. This adds a percussive action to the rotation, making drilling into hard materials much easier. Note: This is different from an impact driver, which is designed for driving screws.
Included Accessories: Does the drill come with a case, a couple of batteries, a charger, or a starter set of bits? Consider if these extras add value for you. Often, buying a kit with a battery and charger is more economical than buying them separately.
Top Cordless Drill Brands and What They Offer
The market is full of great brands, each with its strengths. Here are a few popular and reputable choices for DIYers:
DeWalt
Reputation: Known for robust, professional-grade tools that are built to last.
Key Offerings: Excellent 20V Max XR line, which includes powerful brushless models. They also have a strong 12V line. Their battery platform is extensive.
Good for: Serious DIYers and professionals who need durability and performance.
Milwaukee
Reputation: Highly regarded for innovation and power, particularly in their M18 FUEL (brushless) line.
Key Offerings: M18 FUEL drills are known for their compact size and impressive power-to-weight ratio. They also offer a solid M12 line for smaller tasks.
Good for: Users who want top-tier performance, advanced features, and a wide range of compatible tools.
Makita
Reputation: A long-standing brand known for quality, reliability, and ergonomic designs.
Key Offerings: Their 18V LXT system is one of the largest battery platforms available, offering a vast selection of tools. They have excellent brushless options.
Good for: Users who appreciate well-balanced tools, a huge ecosystem of compatible tools, and reliable performance.
Bosch
Reputation: Offers a good balance of performance, features, and value. Their tools are often well-designed and user-friendly.
Key Offerings: Their 18V line is popular, with many brushless options. They also have a compact 12V line.
Good for: Homeowners and DIYers looking for quality tools that are a step up from entry-level without breaking the bank.
Ryobi
Reputation: A very popular choice for DIYers due to its affordability and wide range of tools available on the ONE+ battery platform.
Key Offerings: Their 18V ONE+ system is extensive, meaning you can buy many different tools that all use the same battery. They offer both brushed and brushless models.
Good for: Beginners and budget-conscious DIYers who want a versatile system for various home projects.
When choosing a brand, consider what other tools you might want in the future. Sticking to one brand’s battery system can be very cost-effective.
Understanding the “Kit” vs. “Bare Tool” Decision
When you’re shopping for a cordless drill, you’ll often see two options:
Kit: This usually includes the drill, one or two batteries, a charger, and often a carrying case or bag. This is the best option if you’re starting from scratch or need everything.
Bare Tool: This is just the drill itself, without any batteries or charger. This is a good option if you already own tools from the same brand and have compatible batteries and chargers. It can save you money if you don’t need more batteries.
For beginners, a kit is almost always the way to go. It ensures you have everything you need to start using your new drill immediately.
Where to Buy Your Cordless Drill
You have several options for purchasing a cordless drill:
Big Box Home Improvement Stores: (e.g., Home Depot, Lowe’s) These stores offer a wide selection of brands and models, allowing you to see and feel the tools before you buy. They often have knowledgeable staff who can offer advice.
Online Retailers: (e.g., Amazon, manufacturer websites) Online stores often have competitive pricing and a vast selection. You can easily compare models and read customer reviews. Be sure to buy from reputable sellers.
Tool Specialty Stores: These stores focus on professional tools and may offer higher-end brands and more specialized advice.
Pro Tip: Before you buy, check for sales and promotions. Many retailers offer deals, especially around holidays.
Maintaining Your Cordless Drill for Longevity
Once you have your drill, a little care will ensure it lasts for years.
Battery Care:
Store batteries in a cool, dry place. Avoid extreme temperatures.
Don’t leave batteries fully discharged for long periods.
Avoid overcharging; most modern chargers have circuitry to prevent this.
Keep it Clean: Brush away dust and debris from the motor vents.
Chuck Maintenance: Occasionally, you might want to clean out the chuck and apply a small drop of lubricant if it feels stiff.
Storage: Use the case or a designated spot to keep your drill protected from damage.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some common questions beginners have about buying a cordless drill:
Q1: Do I really need a brushless drill?
A1: While brushed drills are cheaper, brushless motors offer better efficiency, longer run time, more power, and a longer lifespan. For most users, especially those who plan to use the drill regularly, the benefits of a brushless drill are worth the extra cost.
Q2: What’s the difference between a cordless drill and an impact driver?
A2: A cordless drill is designed for drilling holes and driving screws with a continuous rotational force. An impact driver delivers rotational force plus* short, powerful bursts of percussive force (like quick hammer blows) specifically designed for driving long screws or lag bolts efficiently and with less effort on your wrist.
Q3: Is 18V or 20V Max better for home use?
A3: For most home users, 18V and 20V Max drills are essentially the same. The “Max” designation refers to the peak voltage of the battery when fully charged. Both offer ample power for a wide range of DIY tasks.
Q4: How many batteries should I get with my drill?
A4: If you buy a kit, it usually comes with one or two batteries. For general home use, one battery is often enough if you can recharge it between uses. However, having a second battery is highly recommended, especially for larger projects, as it allows you to keep working without interruption.
Q5: Can I use my drill to drill into concrete?
A5: Standard cordless drills are not designed for drilling into concrete or masonry. For that, you need a drill with a “hammer drill” function, which adds a percussive action. Even then, a dedicated rotary hammer is best for frequent or heavy-duty concrete work.
Q6: What is the most important feature to consider for a beginner?
A6: For a beginner, the most important features are ease of use, a comfortable grip, sufficient power for common tasks (18V/20V Max is usually ideal), and a reliable battery system. Understanding the torque settings for driving screws is also crucial to avoid damaging materials.
Q7: Should I buy a drill with a cord or cordless?
A7: Cordless drills offer freedom of movement and convenience, making them ideal for most DIY tasks. Corded drills provide continuous power and can be more cost-effective for heavy-duty, stationary work where an outlet is always accessible, but they limit your range. For general versatility and ease of use, cordless is usually preferred.
Conclusion: Your Drill, Your Projects
Choosing a cordless drill doesn’t have to be complicated. By understanding the basic components and matching them to your project needs, you can confidently select a tool that will serve you well.
Whether you’re assembling furniture, hanging decorations, or tackling more ambitious DIY projects, the right cordless drill will make the job easier and more enjoyable. Happy drilling!
